Combien y avait-il de voleurs dans l'histoire d'Ali Baba ?
Ali Baba et les Quarante Voleurs
Ali Baba et les Quarante Voleurs (titre complet : Histoire d’Ali Baba, et de quarante voleurs, exterminés par une esclave) est une histoire d'origine arabe. Il s'agit d'un récit que l'on présente souvent comme faisant partie des Mille et Une Nuits, bien qu'il n'ait jamais été présent dans les manuscrits initiaux mais à leurs côtés.
Ali Baba est un pauvre bûcheron. Un jour, alors qu'Ali Baba coupe du bois, il entend des voix : il se cache dans un arbre où il entend le chef des quarante voleurs prononcer la formule magique qui permet d'ouvrir une porte dans la roche : « Sésame, ouvre-toi ! » (en arabe إفتح يا سمسم / Iftaḥ yā simsim) et la formule magique pour la fermer : « Sésame, ferme-toi ! » (en arabe / ). Après le départ des bandits, Ali Baba prononce la formule et entre dans la grotte, découvre des trésors accumulés et emporte une partie de l'or. Son frère Cassim, qui est un riche marchand, est surpris par la fortune soudaine d'Ali Baba qui lui raconte son aventure. Cassim va à la caverne, mais troublé par la vue de tant de richesses, ne retrouve plus la formule qui lui permettrait de sortir de la grotte. Les bandits le surprennent dans la grotte, le tuent et découpent son corps en morceaux. Ali Baba, inquiet de l'absence de son frère, va à la grotte et découvre les restes de celui-ci, qu'il ramène chez lui. Avec l'aide de Morgiane, son esclave très habile, il réussit à enterrer son frère sans attirer l'attention de ses connaissances.
Les bandits, ne retrouvant plus le cadavre, comprennent qu'une autre personne connaît leur secret. Ils finissent par repérer la maison d'Ali Baba. Leur chef se fait passer pour un marchand d'huile et demande l'hospitalité à Ali Baba. Il est accompagné par un convoi de mules portant trente-huit jarres. Une d'elle est remplie d'huile et chacune des trente-sept autres cache un des bandits (deux bandits ayant été précédemment exécutés pour avoir échoué à retrouver Ali Baba). Ils projettent de tuer Ali Baba pendant son sommeil. Morgiane découvre leur plan et tue les bandits cachés dans les jarres en versant de l'huile bouillante dans chacune d'elles. Quand le chef va chercher ses complices, il découvre ses hommes décédés et fuit.
Pour se venger, quelque temps après, le chef des bandits s'établit comme commerçant et se lie d'amitié avec le fils d'Ali Baba, désormais en charge des affaires de feu Cassim. Le chef des bandits est invité à dîner chez Ali Baba, où Morgiane le reconnaît. Celle-ci effectue alors une danse munie d'une dague, qu'elle plonge dans le cœur du bandit. Dans un premier temps, Ali Baba est furieux de voir son hôte exécuté, mais lorsqu'il découvre que le bandit a tenté de l'assassiner, il rend sa liberté à Morgiane et la donne en mariage à son fils. Ali Baba est ainsi la seule personne à connaître le secret du trésor dans la grotte et le moyen d'y accéder. L'histoire finit bien pour tous, à l'exception de Cassim et des quarante voleurs.
أصبح بإمكانك الآن تحميل نسخة كاملة من موسوعة ويكيبيديا العربية وتصفحها دون اتصال.
لوحة ل ماكسفيلد باريش تصور علي بابا (1909).
علي بابا، والأربعين حرامي إحدى أشهر قصص وشخصيات حكاية ألف ليلة وليلة، تدور أحداث القصة حول حطاب عربي بسيط يدعى علي با با يسمع بالصدفة كلمة السر التي تفتح باب المغارة التي يخبيء بها عصابة لصوص كنوزهم. بفضل كلمة السر الشهيرة إفتح يا سمسم تمكن علي بابا من الحصول على الكنوز المخبأة في المغارة لكن اللصوص يعلمون بمكانه من خلال جاره الحاسد الذي وشى بعلي بابا. فقرر اللصوص الذهاب إلى بيته لقتله واسترجاع الكنوز لولا فطانة زوجته مرجانة وأرسل اللصوص جاسوس ليعرفوا بيت علي بابا ويضعوا عليه علامة لكي يذهبوا إليه في الليل لقتله وقامت زوجته مرجانة بعد رحيل الجاسوس بمسح العلامة ووضعها على باب الجار السيئ وذهب اللصوص وقتلو الجار وليس علي بابا. وهي إحدى القصص الخياليه المعروفه التي اشتهرت عن طريق افلام اجنبيه الكثيرة.
هذه بذرة مقالة عن حكاية أو شخصياتها تحتاج للنمو والتحسين، فساهم في إثرائها بالمشاركة في تحريرها.
Ali Baba (Arabic: علي بابا ʿAli Bāba) is a fictional character from medieval Arabic literature. He is described in the adventure tale of Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves.
This story has been used as a popular pantomime plot such as in the pantomime/musical Chu Chin Chow (1916). Like many other folk tales frequently adapted for children, the original tale is darker and more violent than the more familiar bowdlerised versions. Popular perception of Ali Baba, and the way he is treated in popular media, sometimes implies that he was the leader of the "Forty Thieves": in the story he is actually an "honest man"[1] whom fortune enables to take advantage of the thieves' robberies.
Some critics believe that this story was added to One Thousand and One Nights by one of its European translators, Antoine Galland, an 18th-century French orientalist who may have heard it in oral form from a Middle Eastern story-teller from Aleppo, in modern day Syria. In any case, the first known text of the story is Galland's French version. Richard F. Burton, however, claimed it to be part of the original One Thousand and One Nights.
The American Orientalist Duncan Black MacDonald discovered an Arabic-language manuscript of the legend at the Bodleian Library;[2] however, this was later found to be a counterfeit.
Ali Baba and his elder brother Cassim are the sons of a merchant. After the death of their father, the greedy Cassim marries a wealthy woman and becomes well-to-do, building on their father's business—but Ali Baba marries a poor woman and settles into the trade of a woodcutter.
One day Ali Baba is at work collecting and cutting firewood in the forest, and he happens to overhear a group of forty thieves visiting their treasure store. The treasure is in a cave, the mouth of which is sealed by magic. It opens on the words "iftah ya simsim" (commonly written as "Open Sesame" in English), and seals itself on the words "Close, Simsim" ("Close Sesame"). When the thieves are gone, Ali Baba enters the cave himself, and takes some of the treasure home.
Ali Baba borrows his sister-in-law's scales to weigh this new wealth of gold coins. Unbeknownst to Ali, she puts a blob of wax in the scales to find out what Ali is using them for, as she is curious to know what kind of grain her impoverished brother-in-law needs to measure. To her shock, she finds a gold coin sticking to the scales and tells her husband, Ali Baba's rich and greedy brother, Cassim. Under pressure from his brother, Ali Baba is forced to reveal the secret of the cave. Cassim goes to the cave and enters with the magic words, but in his greed and excitement over the treasures forgets the magic words to get back out again. The thieves find him there, and kill him. When his brother does not come back, Ali Baba goes to the cave to look for him, and finds the body, quartered and with each piece displayed just inside the entrance of the cave to discourage any similar attempts in the future.
Ali Baba brings the body home, where he entrusts Morgiana, a clever slave-girl in Cassim's household, with the task of making others believe that Cassim has died a natural death. First, Morgiana purchases medicines from an apothecary, telling him that Cassim is gravely ill. Then, she finds an old tailor known as Baba Mustafa whom she pays, blindfolds, and leads to Cassim's house. There, overnight, the tailor stitches the pieces of Cassim's body back together, so that no one will be suspicious. Ali and his family are able to give Cassim a proper burial without anyone asking awkward questions.
The thieves, finding the body gone, realize that yet another person must know their secret, and set out to track him down. One of the thieves goes down to the town and comes across Baba Mustafa, who mentions that he has just sewn a dead man's body back together. Realizing that the dead man must have been the thieves' victim, the thief asks Baba Mustafa to lead the way to the house where the deed was performed. The tailor is blindfolded again, and in this state he is able to retrace his steps and find the house. The thief marks the door with a symbol. The plan is for the other thieves to come back that night and kill everyone in the house. However, the thief has been seen by Morgiana and she, loyal to her master, foils his plan by marking all the houses in the neighborhood with a similar marking. When the 40 thieves return that night, they cannot identify the correct house and the head thief kills the lesser thief. The next day, another thief revisits Baba Mustafa and tries again, only this time, a chunk is chipped out of the stone step at Ali Baba's front door. Again Morgiana foils the plan by making similar chips in all the other doorsteps. The second thief is killed for his stupidity as well. At last, the head thief goes and looks for himself. This time, he memorizes every detail he can of the exterior of Ali Baba's house.
The chief of the thieves pretends to be an oil merchant in need of Ali Baba's hospitality, bringing with him mules loaded with thirty-eight oil jars, one filled with oil, the other thirty-seven hiding the other remaining thieves. Once Ali Baba is asleep, the thieves plan to kill him. Again, Morgiana discovers and foils the plan, killing the thirty-seven thieves in their oil jars by pouring boiling oil on them. When their leader comes to rouse his men, he discovers that they are dead, and escapes.
To exact revenge, after some time the thief establishes himself as a merchant, befriends Ali Baba's son (who is now in charge of the late Cassim's business), and is invited to dinner at Ali Baba's house. The thief is recognized by Morgiana, who performs a dance with a dagger for the diners and plunges it into the heart of the thief when he is off his guard. Ali Baba is at first angry with Morgiana, but when he finds out the thief tried to kill him, he gives Morgiana her freedom and marries her to his son. Ali Baba is then left as the only one knowing the secret of the treasure in the cave and how to access it. Thus, the story ends happily for everyone except the forty thieves and Cassim.
source : wikipedia pour reponse quizz prizee prizee.com
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